Foundations

Vectors, distances, correlation, probability, loss, and gradients — the building blocks of machine learning.

• Vector Math
• Matrix Multiply
• Feature Scaling
• Distance Metrics
• Covariance & Correlation
• Dot Product & Angles
• Softmax & Probabilities
• Train/Val & Bias–Variance
• Probability & Bayes
• Entropy & Cross-Entropy
• Gradient Geometry

Ngerk Visualizer — interactive ML simulations in the browser.